<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[The North American — 77: North American Stories]]></title><description><![CDATA[The foundational stories, figures, and decisions that shaped the North American continent — told through narrative journalism and historical perspective.]]></description><link>https://www.thenorthamerican.com/s/na77-stories-that-built-north-america</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmIS!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ddf0ccf-2eee-404f-852f-0514e511e0f2_512x512.png</url><title>The North American — 77: North American Stories</title><link>https://www.thenorthamerican.com/s/na77-stories-that-built-north-america</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 10:34:06 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.thenorthamerican.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[The North American — 77 / Eduardo Joffroy]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[northamerican77@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[northamerican77@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[The North American - 77]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[The North American - 77]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[northamerican77@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[northamerican77@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[The North American - 77]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Uncle Phil]]></title><description><![CDATA[El legado de Philip C. Hanna]]></description><link>https://www.thenorthamerican.com/p/uncle-phil</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thenorthamerican.com/p/uncle-phil</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Manuel E. Familiar]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 16:06:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Uncle Phil</strong></p><p><em>El legado de Philip C. Hanna.</em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thenorthamerican.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The North American &#8212; 77 is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support our work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><em>(Please find ENGLISH VERSION below)</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Hubo un norteamericano que lleg&#243; a Monterrey en 1899, se qued&#243; veinte a&#241;os, sobrevivi&#243; inundaciones, hambrunas y una revoluci&#243;n, y al irse le escribi&#243; un poema a la ciudad en su propia letra. Esta es su historia, y el legado que dej&#243;.</em></p><p>Por Manuel E. Familiar &#183; Colaborador NA77</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg" width="480" height="614" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:614,&quot;width&quot;:480,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:47233,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PxGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c3c6831-314e-4f1c-9a3d-53921171f1f9_480x614.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Philip C. Hanna, C&#243;nsul General de Estados Unidos en Monterrey, ca. 1900&#8211;1919. Colecci&#243;n familiar Hanna-Robertson &#183; Archivo personal del autor.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">El 22 de abril de 1914, una multitud enfurecida lleg&#243; al consulado de los Estados Unidos en Monterrey gritando &#8220;muerte a los gringos.&#8221; La raz&#243;n era real: tropas estadounidenses acababan de ocupar el puerto de Veracruz, y la ciudad ard&#237;a. Las autoridades huertistas, montadas en esa furia, violaron todos los principios del derecho consular y arrestaron a Philip Hanna, el C&#243;nsul General, llev&#225;ndolo preso a la Penitenciar&#237;a de la ciudad. Le ofrecieron escoltarlo a la frontera. Se neg&#243;. No saldr&#237;a hasta saber que cada ciudadano estadounidense bajo su responsabilidad estuviera a salvo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Lo que lo protegi&#243; no fue su pasaporte. No fue su cargo. Fue que la mayor&#237;a de la poblaci&#243;n de Monterrey lo quer&#237;a, y ese afecto, construido durante quince a&#241;os de servicio que ning&#250;n protocolo hab&#237;a exigido, result&#243; m&#225;s poderoso que la hostilidad del momento pol&#237;tico. El arresto de Hanna lleg&#243; a las primeras planas del New York Times. Pero lo que no cab&#237;a en ning&#250;n titular era la raz&#243;n por la que una ciudad en llamas hab&#237;a decidido, en el fondo, protegerlo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Para entender eso, hay que volver a 1899. Y hay que entender qui&#233;n era este hombre antes de llegar a Monterrey.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hay una raz&#243;n personal por la que esta historia me importa, y volver&#233; a ella. Pero primero, el hombre.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Philip C. Hanna naci&#243; el 27 de junio de 1857 en Waterloo, Iowa, y creci&#243; en una caba&#241;a de madera que era al mismo tiempo dormitorio, escuela e iglesia. Su padre, George Washington Hanna, fue el primer colono de ascendencia europea en el Condado de Black Hawk, el hombre que puso la primera piedra de lo que hoy es Waterloo. Su madre, Mary Melrose, fue la compa&#241;era de esa fundaci&#243;n: una mujer cuya fortaleza y car&#225;cter ser&#237;an recordados con admiraci&#243;n por generaciones. Su hermano George, bautizado con el mismo nombre que su padre, fund&#243; un peque&#241;o poblado llamado LuVerne. Once hermanos en una sola familia, en un estado que todav&#237;a se estaba construyendo a s&#237; mismo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">De esa formaci&#243;n sali&#243; un hombre con la convicci&#243;n de un predicador metodista y el pragmatismo de un pionero: alguien que no espera que las instituciones lleguen desde arriba, que las construye desde abajo cuando hacen falta. Cuando Philip Hanna lleg&#243; a Monterrey como c&#243;nsul general de los Estados Unidos, en 1899, tra&#237;a consigo esa educaci&#243;n. Le durar&#237;a toda la vida.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En aquel entonces, Monterrey era el coraz&#243;n industrial del norte de M&#233;xico, una ciudad que hab&#237;a decidido construirse a la altura del siglo que ven&#237;a. La jurisdicci&#243;n consular de Hanna se extend&#237;a desde Tamaulipas hasta Sonora, la mitad del pa&#237;s. Y cuando M&#233;xico entr&#243; a la Revoluci&#243;n en 1910, el gobierno norteamericano no contaba con embajador en la capital: los veinticinco c&#243;nsules distribuidos por el territorio eran la principal fuente de inteligencia de Washington sobre lo que ocurr&#237;a en el pa&#237;s. Hanna no era un funcionario menor. Era, en los t&#233;rminos de su &#233;poca, un observador estrat&#233;gico en el momento m&#225;s vol&#225;til de la historia del continente.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">El historiador Miguel &#193;ngel Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga, de la Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Nuevo Le&#243;n y la Universidad de Texas en San Antonio, document&#243; su vida y gesti&#243;n en el libro Philip Hanna en Monterrey: Una visi&#243;n de la Revoluci&#243;n Mexicana. La conclusi&#243;n de Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga es precisa: en una &#233;poca en que las relaciones entre M&#233;xico y Estados Unidos constantemente se acercaban al rompimiento, hombres como Hanna escaseaban. Siempre fue una voz prudente en un ambiente saturado de hostilidad y acusaciones mutuas.</p><p><strong>La inundaci&#243;n de 1909</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">La inundaci&#243;n de 1909 fue el primer momento que defini&#243; su car&#225;cter ante los ojos de Monterrey. Un hurac&#225;n descarg&#243; sobre la ciudad en agosto de ese a&#241;o y el r&#237;o Santa Catarina, usualmente seco, se convirti&#243; en una corriente de m&#225;s de un kil&#243;metro de ancho que dej&#243; miles de muertos y veinte mil personas sin hogar.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg" width="720" height="448" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:448,&quot;width&quot;:720,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:97980,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Dq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F28f712bd-5809-4111-9fef-59d581aed715_720x448.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Inundaci&#243;n de Monterrey, Calle Humboldt, 29 de agosto de 1909. Foto: Sandoval. Colecci&#243;n hist&#243;rica.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna transform&#243; el consulado norteamericano en un centro de ayuda. Recaud&#243; fondos en Estados Unidos, organiz&#243; cocinas de emergencia, trabaj&#243; semanas sin descanso hasta quedar postrado en cama. No estaba obligado a hacerlo. Ning&#250;n protocolo diplom&#225;tico lo exig&#237;a. Lo hizo porque consider&#243; que era lo correcto. Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documenta que Hanna muchas veces pagaba de su propio bolsillo para ayudar a la gente pobre, sin pedir recibos, porque le parec&#237;a indigno exig&#237;rselos.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La gente de Monterrey no lo olvid&#243;.</p><p><strong>El tren de Torre&#243;n</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">En septiembre de 1913, en plena lucha fratricida, organiz&#243; un tren con alimentos para los refugiados que hu&#237;an de Torre&#243;n. El detalle que Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documenta y que no se puede dejar pasar: Hanna incluy&#243; naranjas de Montemorelos para las mujeres y los ni&#241;os, y puros para los hombres. Ese nivel de consideraci&#243;n humana en medio del caos no es log&#237;stica. Es car&#225;cter.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Partidarios de todas las facciones acud&#237;an al consulado cuando sus vidas estaban en peligro. Maderistas, huertistas, carrancistas, todos sab&#237;an que en ese edificio encontrar&#237;an refugio. Hanna mantuvo esa neutralidad con cautela y sin traicionar a ninguno.</strong></em></p><p><strong>El arresto de 1914</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cuando las autoridades huertistas lo arrestaron ese abril, Hanna hab&#237;a pasado quince a&#241;os construyendo algo que ning&#250;n cargo diplom&#225;tico garantiza: la confianza de una ciudad entera, cruzando facciones, cruzando clases sociales, cruzando el resentimiento que la presencia norteamericana generaba entre quienes m&#225;s sufr&#237;an sus consecuencias. Pas&#243; varios d&#237;as encarcelado, manteniendo su compostura y exigiendo la liberaci&#243;n de otros civiles. Lo que lo protegi&#243;, seg&#250;n Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga, no fue su pasaporte ni su cargo. Fue que la mayor&#237;a de la poblaci&#243;n de Monterrey lo quer&#237;a.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ese afecto fue m&#225;s poderoso que la hostilidad del momento pol&#237;tico.</p><p><strong>Las sombras del hombre</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga es honesto en su valoraci&#243;n del personaje, y esa honestidad es lo que hace valiosa su obra. Hanna no era perfecto. Admir&#243; demasiado a Porfirio D&#237;az y no supo ver, o no quiso ver, la opresi&#243;n que sosten&#237;a esa modernidad que tanto le impresionaba. Tuvo actitudes paternalistas hacia las clases populares mexicanas. En ocasiones no comprendi&#243; el resentimiento que generaba la presencia norteamericana entre quienes m&#225;s sufr&#237;an sus consecuencias.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Esas sombras no disminuyen al hombre. Lo completan. Un personaje sin contradicciones no es un ser humano. Y lo que queda cuando se pesa todo, las inundaciones, las hambrunas, la prisi&#243;n, las dos d&#233;cadas de servicio que ning&#250;n protocolo exig&#237;a, es un balance que pocas vidas diplom&#225;ticas de cualquier &#233;poca podr&#237;an igualar.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg" width="330" height="528" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:528,&quot;width&quot;:330,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:32023,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ap-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9967d430-6d21-402e-bb26-f44476a24977_330x528.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Philip C. Hanna en sus &#250;ltimos a&#241;os, ca. 1920s. Colecci&#243;n familiar Hanna-Robertson &#183; Archivo personal del autor.</em></p><p><strong>La cadena</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Fue Philip Hanna, Uncle Phil como lo llamaba su familia, quien invit&#243; a su sobrina Eugenia, hija de su hermano George Washington Hanna Jr., a viajar de LuVerne, Iowa a Monterrey como regalo por su graduaci&#243;n universitaria. LuVerne: el mismo peque&#241;o pueblo que su padre hab&#237;a fundado d&#233;cadas antes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En Monterrey, Eugenia conoci&#243; a Treadwell Ayres Robertson, hijo del Coronel Joseph Andrew Robertson, el empresario norteamericano que hab&#237;a llegado d&#233;cadas antes a tender el ferrocarril al Golfo de M&#233;xico y termin&#243; participando en la fundaci&#243;n de la Cervecer&#237;a Cuauht&#233;moc, trayendo el b&#233;isbol a M&#233;xico y publicando el primer peri&#243;dico biling&#252;e de la ciudad. Eugenia y Treadwell se casaron. Su hija, mi abuela Georgia, naci&#243; en LuVerne, Iowa en 1902.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Sin la invitaci&#243;n de Uncle Phil, esa cadena no existe. Y sin esa cadena, este art&#237;culo tampoco.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">No lo menciono como curiosidad familiar. Lo menciono porque es la demostraci&#243;n m&#225;s concreta posible de algo que la plataforma NA77 argumenta desde su primera publicaci&#243;n: los puentes entre dos pa&#237;ses no los construyen los tratados. Los construyen las personas. Una invitaci&#243;n. Un viaje. Un encuentro. Una decisi&#243;n tomada sin calcular sus consecuencias, que se propaga por generaciones.</p><p><strong>El poema</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nunca tuvo hijos propios. Volcaba su cari&#241;o en su familia y en la ciudad que adopt&#243; como suya. Veinte a&#241;os en Monterrey, y al despedirse, no encontr&#243; otra forma de hacerlo que con un poema escrito a mano. No con un informe. No con un discurso. Con versos sobre el Cerro de la Silla, la paloma blanca de la paz, y M&#233;xico como la tierra de sue&#241;os y visiones. Eso es lo que le sali&#243; al final. Eso es lo que guard&#243;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg" width="570" height="494" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:494,&quot;width&quot;:570,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:73223,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIsR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6ffce61-82c8-47e9-ba67-fa76c12f9b7f_570x494.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Poema manuscrito de Philip C. Hanna al despedirse de Monterrey, ca. 1919. Archivo familiar Hanna-Robertson &#183; Documento original.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>For long years we&#8217;ve watched / The shadows come and go, / The fleecy clouds hanging soft and low, / Our dear old Saddle Mountain.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>With the friends, and the smiles and the tears / That have come with the passing years, / We are bidding them all good bye,</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>We pray that the white dove of peace / With healing on its wings / Will hover very low / In the land of visions and dreams, our beloved Mexico.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>&#8212; Philip C. Hanna, ca. 1919</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">La tierra de sue&#241;os y visiones. Nuestro querido M&#233;xico. Lo escribi&#243; un hombre de Iowa que lleg&#243; sin saber que se quedar&#237;a, que ayud&#243; sin que nadie se lo exigiera, que fue encarcelado por los mismos que despu&#233;s lo protegieron, y que al irse dej&#243; versos en lugar de quejas.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">No hay estatuas de Philip Hanna en Monterrey. No hay placas. Su nombre no aparece en ninguna calle ni en ning&#250;n edificio de la ciudad que habit&#243; durante veinte a&#241;os. Lo que dej&#243; no es visible. Es la clase de legado que no se inaugura ni se fotograf&#237;a: los caminos que otras personas siguieron porque &#233;l estuvo ah&#237;, las decisiones que se tomaron de otra manera porque alguien eligi&#243; el puente en lugar del muro, la colaboraci&#243;n en lugar de la ruptura.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Si esa tesis es cierta a escala, es dif&#237;cil saberlo. Solo puedo constatar la m&#237;a. Y eso es suficiente para contar la historia.</p><p style="text-align: center;">* * *</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Este art&#237;culo se basa en la investigaci&#243;n de Miguel &#193;ngel Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documentada en su libro Philip Hanna en Monterrey: Una visi&#243;n de la Revoluci&#243;n Mexicana (Fondo Editorial de Nuevo Le&#243;n / UANL), y en historias, documentos y fotograf&#237;as del archivo familiar Robertson - Hanna. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Monterrey, M&#233;xico &#183; Abril 2026</p><p style="text-align: center;">* * *</p><p><strong>Uncle Phil</strong></p><p><em>The Legacy of Philip C. Hanna.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>There was an American who arrived in Monterrey in 1899, stayed twenty years, survived floods, famine, and a revolution, and when he left wrote the city a poem in his own hand. This is his story, and the legacy he left behind.</em></p><p>By Manuel E. Familiar &#183; NA77 Contributor</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg" width="480" height="614" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:614,&quot;width&quot;:480,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:47233,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mgpt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdd41732d-5523-4a44-bd6d-0fe10fff2315_480x614.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Philip C. Hanna, U.S. Consul General in Monterrey, ca. 1900&#8211;1919. Hanna-Robertson Family Collection &#183; Author&#8217;s personal archive.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">On April 22, 1914, an enraged mob arrived at the United States consulate in Monterrey shouting &#8220;death to the gringos.&#8221; The cause was real: U.S. troops had just occupied the port of Veracruz, and the city was burning. Huertista authorities, riding that fury, violated every principle of consular law and arrested Philip Hanna, the Consul General, taking him to the city&#8217;s penitentiary. He was offered an armed escort to the border for his safety. He refused. He would not leave until he knew every U.S. citizen under his responsibility was accounted for.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">What protected him was not his passport. Not his title. It was that the majority of Monterrey&#8217;s population loved him, and that affection, built across fifteen years of service that no protocol had ever required, proved more powerful than the political hostility of the moment. Hanna&#8217;s arrest made the front page of the New York Times. But what no headline could contain was the reason why a city in flames had decided, in the end, to protect him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">To understand that, you have to go back to 1899. And you have to understand who this man was before he arrived in Monterrey.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There is a personal reason why this story matters to me, and I will come back to it. But first, the man.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Philip C. Hanna was born on June 27, 1857, in Waterloo, Iowa, and grew up in a log cabin that served simultaneously as bedroom, school, and church. His father, George Washington Hanna, was the first settler of European descent in Black Hawk County, the man who laid the founding stone of what is today Waterloo. His mother, Mary Melrose, was his partner in that founding: a woman whose strength and character would be remembered with admiration by generations of the family. His brother George, named after his father, founded a small town called LuVerne. Eleven siblings in one family, in a state still building itself from the ground up.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">From that upbringing emerged a man with the conviction of a Methodist preacher and the pragmatism of a frontier pioneer: someone who does not wait for institutions to arrive from above, but builds them from below when they are needed. When Philip Hanna arrived in Monterrey as U.S. Consul General in 1899, he carried that formation with him. It would last a lifetime.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">At the time, Monterrey was the industrial heart of northern Mexico, a city that had decided to build itself to the level of the coming century. Hanna&#8217;s consular jurisdiction extended from Tamaulipas to Sonora, half the country. And when Mexico entered its Revolution in 1910, the U.S. government had no ambassador in Mexico City: the twenty-five consuls distributed across the territory were Washington&#8217;s primary source of intelligence about what was happening in the country. Hanna was not a minor official. He was, in the terms of his era, a strategic observer at the most volatile moment in the history of the continent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Historian Miguel &#193;ngel Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga, of the Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Nuevo Le&#243;n and the University of Texas at San Antonio, documented his life and tenure in the book Philip Hanna en Monterrey: Una visi&#243;n de la Revoluci&#243;n Mexicana. Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga&#8217;s conclusion is precise: in an era when relations between Mexico and the United States constantly approached the breaking point, men like Hanna were rare. He was always a prudent voice in an atmosphere saturated with hostility and mutual accusation.</p><p><strong>The flood of 1909</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">The flood of 1909 was the first moment that defined his character in the eyes of Monterrey. A hurricane struck the city in August of that year and the Santa Catarina River, usually dry, became a current more than a kilometer wide that left thousands dead and twenty thousand people homeless.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg" width="720" height="448" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:448,&quot;width&quot;:720,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:97980,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ee-G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F584a5f40-9981-4e1a-829c-ccf44bbb1c31_720x448.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Monterrey Flood, Calle Humboldt, August 29, 1909. Photo: Sandoval. Historical archive.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna transformed the U.S. consulate into a relief hub. He raised funds in the United States, organized emergency kitchens, and worked weeks without rest until he collapsed. No diplomatic protocol required it. He did it because he believed it was right. Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documents that Hanna frequently paid out of his own pocket to help the poor, without asking for receipts, because he found it undignified to demand them.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The people of Monterrey did not forget.</p><p><strong>The Torre&#243;n train</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">In September 1913, in the midst of the revolutionary conflict, he organized a train of food for refugees fleeing Torre&#243;n. The detail that Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documents and that cannot be left out: Hanna included oranges from Montemorelos for the women and children, and cigars for the men. That level of human consideration in the middle of chaos is not logistics. It is character.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Partisans of every faction came to the consulate when their lives were in danger. Maderistas, Huertistas, Carrancistas, all of them knew they would find refuge in that building. Hanna maintained that neutrality carefully, without betraying any of them.</strong></em></p><p><strong>The arrest of 1914</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">When Huertista authorities arrested him that April, Hanna had spent fifteen years building something that no diplomatic title guarantees: the trust of an entire city, crossing factions, crossing social classes, crossing the resentment that the presence of the United States generated among those who suffered its consequences most. He spent several days imprisoned, maintaining his composure and demanding the release of other civilians. What protected him, according to Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga, was not his passport or his title. It was that the majority of Monterrey&#8217;s population loved him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">That affection proved more powerful than the political hostility of the moment.</p><p><strong>The shadows of the man</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga is honest in his assessment of the man, and that honesty is what makes his work valuable. Hanna was not perfect. He admired Porfirio D&#237;az too much and could not see, or chose not to see, the oppression that sustained the modernity that so impressed him. He held paternalistic attitudes toward Mexico&#8217;s popular classes. At times he failed to understand the resentment that U.S. presence generated among those who suffered its consequences most.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Those shadows do not diminish the man. They complete him. A figure without contradictions is not a human being. And what remains when everything is weighed, the floods, the famines, the imprisonment, the two decades of service that no protocol required, is a balance that few diplomatic lives of any era could match.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg" width="330" height="528" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:528,&quot;width&quot;:330,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:32023,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qj8G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72bee829-c312-4506-924b-a45630537782_330x528.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Philip C. Hanna in his later years, ca. 1920s. Hanna-Robertson Family Collection &#183; Author&#8217;s personal archive.</em></p><p><strong>The link</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">It was Philip Hanna, Uncle Phil as his family called him, who invited his niece Eugenia, daughter of his brother George Washington Hanna Jr., to travel from LuVerne, Iowa to Monterrey as a graduation gift. LuVerne: the same small town her father had founded decades before.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In Monterrey, Eugenia met Treadwell Ayres Robertson, son of Colonel Joseph Andrew Robertson, the entrepreneur who had arrived decades earlier to build the railroad to the Gulf of Mexico and ended up helping found the Cuauht&#233;moc Brewery, bringing baseball to Mexico, and publishing the city&#8217;s first bilingual newspaper. Eugenia and Treadwell married. Their daughter, my grandmother Georgia, was born in LuVerne, Iowa in 1902.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Without Uncle Phil&#8217;s invitation, that link does not exist. And without that link, neither does this article.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">I mention this not as family curiosity. I mention it because it is the most concrete demonstration possible of something the NA77 platform has argued from its first publication: the bridges between two countries are not built by treaties. They are built by people. An invitation. A journey. An encounter. A decision made without calculating its consequences, that propagates across generations.</p><p><strong>The poem</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">He never had children of his own. He poured his affection into his family and the city he had adopted as his. Twenty years in Monterrey, and when the time came to leave, he found no other way to do it than with a poem written by hand. Not a report. Not a speech. Verses about the Cerro de la Silla, the white dove of peace, and Mexico as the land of visions and dreams. That is what came out of him at the end. That is what he kept.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg" width="570" height="494" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:494,&quot;width&quot;:570,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:73223,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://eduardojoffroy.substack.com/i/196127372?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6G9v!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc29dbd31-e8de-4dcf-bc4c-55d7617c77e5_570x494.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Philip C. Hanna&#8217;s handwritten farewell poem to Monterrey, ca. 1919. Hanna-Robertson Family Archive &#183; Original document.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>For long years we&#8217;ve watched / The shadows come and go, / The fleecy clouds hanging soft and low, / Our dear old Saddle Mountain.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>With the friends, and the smiles and the tears / That have come with the passing years, / We are bidding them all good bye,</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>We pray that the white dove of peace / With healing on its wings / Will hover very low / In the land of visions and dreams, our beloved Mexico.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>&#8212; Philip C. Hanna, ca. 1919</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">The land of visions and dreams. Our beloved Mexico. Written by a man from Iowa who arrived without knowing he would stay, who helped without being required to, who was imprisoned by the same people who later protected him, and who left behind verses instead of grievances.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There are no statues of Philip Hanna in Monterrey. No plaques. His name appears on no street, no building in the city he inhabited for twenty years. What he left is not visible. It is the kind of legacy that is never inaugurated or photographed: the paths other people walked because he was there, the decisions made differently because someone chose the bridge over the wall, collaboration over rupture.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Whether that thesis holds at scale is impossible to know. I can only verify my own. And that is enough to tell the story.</p><p style="text-align: center;">* * *</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This article draws on the research of Miguel &#193;ngel Gonz&#225;lez Quiroga documented in his book Philip Hanna en Monterrey: Una visi&#243;n de la Revoluci&#243;n Mexicana (Fondo Editorial de Nuevo Le&#243;n / UANL), and on stories, documents and photographs from the Robertson - Hanna family archive. </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thenorthamerican.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The North American &#8212; 77 is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support our work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[La historia que nos falta]]></title><description><![CDATA[Una nueva narrativa para un continente que la merece]]></description><link>https://www.thenorthamerican.com/p/la-historia-que-nos-falta</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thenorthamerican.com/p/la-historia-que-nos-falta</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Manuel E. Familiar]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 16:06:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>La historia que nos falta.</strong></p><p><em>Una nueva narrativa para un continente que la merece.</em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thenorthamerican.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading The North American &#8212; 77! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support our work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>No llegamos tarde. Llegamos cuando ten&#237;amos que llegar, con m&#225;s historia, m&#225;s claridad y m&#225;s razones que nunca para elegir diferente.</em></p><p>Por <strong>Manuel E. Familiar</strong> &#183; Colaborador NA77</p><p>(Please find ENGLISH VERSION below)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nac&#237; en Monterrey, pero mi historia comienza en dos pa&#237;ses a la vez.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">No como met&#225;fora. Como hecho.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hay pioneros en mi familia que fundaron ciudades en Iowa. Hay un empresario y sobreviviente de la Guerra Civil estadounidense, el Col. Joseph Andrew Robertson, que lleg&#243; a Monterrey a tender la v&#237;a del ferrocarril al Golfo de M&#233;xico y termin&#243; participando en la fundaci&#243;n de la Cervecer&#237;a Cuauht&#233;moc, estableciendo lo que hoy es Lamosa, introduciendo las primeras naranjas Valencia a Montemorelos, trayendo el b&#233;isbol a M&#233;xico y publicando el primer peri&#243;dico biling&#252;e en esta ciudad. Hay un c&#243;nsul general estadounidense, Philip C. Hanna, a quien su familia llamaba &#8220;Uncle Phil&#8221;, cuyo trabajo en Monterrey tendi&#243; puentes entre dos naciones, y cuya vida, sin propon&#233;rselo, tendi&#243; el puente que me trajo a m&#237;. Todo eso ocurri&#243; aqu&#237;, en esta frontera invisible que siempre fue m&#225;s umbral que muro.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg" width="620" height="389" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:389,&quot;width&quot;:620,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Cervecer&#237;a Cuauht&#233;moc, Monterrey &#8212; principios del siglo XX.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Las v&#237;as del ferrocarril en primer plano: el mismo que el Col. Robertson tendi&#243; al Golfo de M&#233;xico.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg" width="620" height="253" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:253,&quot;width&quot;:620,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Huerta La Eugenia, Montemorelos, Nuevo Le&#243;n, ca. 1894 &#8212; la primera plantaci&#243;n comercial de naranjos Valencia en M&#233;xico.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Le&#243;n Stuart dirigiendo la plantaci&#243;n &#183; Colecci&#243;n: Reforma Siglo XXI, vol. 91 (2017) &#183; Jos&#233; de Jes&#250;s Mart&#237;nez Perales</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Del lado de mi padre, una l&#237;nea familiar que conecta con Octavio Paz, primo hermano de mi abuela, quien dedic&#243; su vida entera a descifrar lo que significa ser mexicano, y una l&#237;nea de emprendedores regiomontanos que construyeron en esta ciudad cuando construir aqu&#237; requer&#237;a una fe que los n&#250;meros todav&#237;a no pod&#237;an justificar.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Crec&#237; sin lograr reclamar la nacionalidad que t&#233;cnicamente me correspond&#237;a. Pero nunca crec&#237; sin saber que pertenec&#237;a a ambos lados, y que esa pertenencia doble no era una contradicci&#243;n. Era, aunque tard&#233; a&#241;os en entenderlo, una perspectiva.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pas&#233; una d&#233;cada en CEMEX durante los a&#241;os en que la empresa decidi&#243; dejar de ser una cementera mexicana para convertirse en una instituci&#243;n global. Lo viv&#237; desde adentro: en Espa&#241;a, en los Estados Unidos, en Panam&#225;, en Singapur, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Myanmar y China, en los a&#241;os en que todo eso todav&#237;a requer&#237;a ser construido a mano, decisi&#243;n por decisi&#243;n. Viv&#237; cinco a&#241;os en Singapur, sede de mi familia mientras yo operaba en los pa&#237;ses vecinos, y fui testigo directo de lo que le ocurre a una sociedad cuando decide, con disciplina, construirse a la altura de sus propias aspiraciones.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Lo m&#225;s importante que aprend&#237; no fue sobre cemento, ni sobre fusiones, ni sobre mercados emergentes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Fue esto: la diferencia entre una empresa que opera en el mundo y una empresa que pertenece al mundo no es tecnol&#243;gica ni financiera. Es institucional.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Es la decisi&#243;n, tomada conscientemente, de construirse a la altura de las expectativas del entorno al que quieres pertenecer. Antes de que ese entorno te lo exija.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">M&#233;xico ha producido empresas que tomaron esa decisi&#243;n. Yo tuve el privilegio de vivir una de ellas desde adentro. La pregunta que no me abandon&#243; despu&#233;s de CEMEX, y que no me ha abandonado desde entonces, es por qu&#233; no lo hemos hecho como pa&#237;s.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En 1848, M&#233;xico perdi&#243; la mitad de su territorio. Esa herida nunca se cerr&#243; del todo. Y hay quienes, en ambos lados de la frontera, han encontrado en mantenerla abierta una utilidad que no requiere ser nombrada para ser entendida.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pero en esa misma &#233;poca, y en esta misma ciudad, ocurr&#237;a otra cosa. Empresarios americanos y familias regiomontanas constru&#237;an juntos lo que ninguno hubiera podido construir solo: una cervecer&#237;a que se convertir&#237;a en uno de los conglomerados m&#225;s importantes de Am&#233;rica Latina, una red ferroviaria que conect&#243; el norte de M&#233;xico con sus mercados, una industria citr&#237;cola que transform&#243; la econom&#237;a de una regi&#243;n entera. Para 1910, Monterrey produc&#237;a el 13.5% de la producci&#243;n industrial de M&#233;xico. M&#225;s que la Ciudad de M&#233;xico. Lo construyeron juntos.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Eso no es historia sentimental. Es historia econ&#243;mica. Es la demostraci&#243;n de que siempre existi&#243; otra manera.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, mientras mi t&#237;o abuelo Treadwell, nacido en Monterrey, hijo de Treadwell Ayres Robertson y Eugenia Hanna, serv&#237;a como m&#233;dico en el ej&#233;rcito de los Estados Unidos, M&#233;xico y Estados Unidos firmaban el Programa Bracero. Agosto de 1942. M&#225;s de cuatro millones de trabajadores mexicanos cruzaron la frontera legalmente para sostener la agricultura y los ferrocarriles americanos mientras sus hombres combat&#237;an en Europa y el Pac&#237;fico. Dos naciones que se necesitaban mutuamente, ayud&#225;ndose mutuamente. Por acuerdo oficial de gobierno, en el peor momento del siglo.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg" width="502" height="512" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:512,&quot;width&quot;:502,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Braceros llegando en tren a California, agosto 1942.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Primeros trabajadores del Programa Bracero &#183; Dominio p&#250;blico, University of California Davis Special Collections</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg" width="1456" height="920" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:920,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Braceros cosechando betabel en California, 1943.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Fotograf&#237;a: Marjory Collins &#183; Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division &#183; Dominio p&#250;blico</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hoy, Estados Unidos y M&#233;xico son los mayores socios comerciales el uno del otro. El intercambio bilateral supera el bill&#243;n de d&#243;lares anuales. Las cadenas de suministro est&#225;n tan integradas que separarlas no es una opci&#243;n pol&#237;tica. Es una amputaci&#243;n econ&#243;mica. Y sin embargo, la narrativa dominante en ambos pa&#237;ses sigue siendo la del adversario, la del muro, la del otro como amenaza.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Algo no cuadra. Lo que no cuadra es la narrativa. Y llevo toda la vida viviendo la evidencia de que existe otra.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mientras Jap&#243;n, Corea del Sur, Alemania, Singapur y Taiwan reconstru&#237;an sus econom&#237;as devastadas y eleg&#237;an pertenecer al orden global como constructores, exigiendo transferencia tecnol&#243;gica, invirtiendo en educaci&#243;n como infraestructura, edificando instituciones que sobrevivieran a sus gobiernos, M&#233;xico eligi&#243; otra cosa. No por falta de talento. No por falta de recursos ni de geograf&#237;a. Elegimos ser el proveedor. La mano de obra. La maquiladora. El bracero institucionalizado. Y esa elecci&#243;n, repetida durante d&#233;cadas, tiene beneficiarios concretos en ambos lados de la frontera. Aunque no sean los trabajadores ni los empresarios mexicanos.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Esa es la pregunta que nadie termina de hacer con la precisi&#243;n que merece. No por qu&#233; fallamos. Sino por qu&#233;, teniendo todo, elegimos quedarnos donde est&#225;bamos. Y si esa elecci&#243;n, porque fue una elecci&#243;n, puede deshacerse.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Escribo esto en un momento en que la narrativa de la divisi&#243;n alcanza vol&#250;menes que no hab&#237;amos escuchado en d&#233;cadas. Las pol&#237;ticas de deportaci&#243;n masiva, la ret&#243;rica del otro como amenaza, el miedo institucionalizado como instrumento de gobierno. Conozco personas que comparten mi misma sangre, mi mismo &#225;rbol geneal&#243;gico, mi misma historia de dos mundos, y que hoy hablan de los americanos con una rabia completamente justificada por lo que est&#225;n viendo. No los culpo. La provocaci&#243;n es real. El da&#241;o es real.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pero aqu&#237; est&#225; lo que tambi&#233;n es real: cada arancel impuesto, cada cadena de suministro interrumpida, cada trabajador deportado que dej&#243; atr&#225;s una empresa, una familia, una vida construida, es una demostraci&#243;n en tiempo real del costo de ignorar lo que ya construimos juntos. El dolor de la separaci&#243;n es, parad&#243;jicamente, el argumento m&#225;s convincente para la integraci&#243;n. No necesitamos convencer a nadie de que Norteam&#233;rica funciona mejor unida. El mercado lo est&#225; demostrando solo, en tiempo real, cada vez que alguien intenta desarmarla.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Las energ&#237;as renovables no se adoptaron porque el mundo decidi&#243; ser virtuoso. Se adoptaron cuando tuvieron sentido econ&#243;mico. La integraci&#243;n norteamericana no se realizar&#225; porque sea la decisi&#243;n correcta moralmente, aunque lo sea. Se realizar&#225; cuando sea imposible ignorar que es la decisi&#243;n correcta econ&#243;micamente. Y ese momento, aunque cueste creerlo hoy, est&#225; m&#225;s cerca que nunca. Porque nunca antes hab&#237;a sido tan visible lo que cuesta no tomarla.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Y hay un argumento m&#225;s que no puede ignorarse: la seguridad. Las amenazas que de verdad ponen en riesgo a los ciudadanos de los tres pa&#237;ses, el crimen organizado, el tr&#225;fico de personas, el fentanilo, no se detienen con muros. Se detienen con sistemas. Con inteligencia compartida, con aduanas coordinadas, con una frontera que funcione como lo que siempre debi&#243; ser: un umbral administrado con disciplina, no un campo de batalla administrado con miedo. Un frente norteamericano com&#250;n no es una concesi&#243;n de soberan&#237;a. Es el ejercicio m&#225;s serio de ella. Porque la soberan&#237;a real no se mide por la altura del muro. Se mide por la capacidad de proteger a tus ciudadanos de las amenazas que s&#237; existen, con las herramientas que s&#237; funcionan.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">No escribo desde aqu&#237; porque conozca la respuesta. Escribo porque llevo d&#233;cadas acumulando las piezas de una pregunta que este continente lleva demasiado tiempo haci&#233;ndose en voz baja, y porque creo, con la certeza de quien lo ha visto funcionar en otros lugares y en otras &#233;pocas, que la respuesta ya existe. No en un modelo econ&#243;mico ni en una pol&#237;tica p&#250;blica. Existe en personas. En empresas. En historias que suceden todos los d&#237;as a lo largo y ancho de este continente y que nadie ha tenido la paciencia de encontrar, documentar y elevar a la escala que merecen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Eso es lo que North American 77 viene a hacer.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">No a lamentarse por lo que no fue. A documentar lo que ya est&#225; siendo construido: por los que adaptaron sin perder su esencia, los que cruzaron fronteras de ida y de vuelta y emergieron m&#225;s fuertes, los que eligieron pertenecer al mundo sin dejar de ser lo que son. Sus historias no son excepciones a la narrativa dominante. Son la evidencia de que esa narrativa siempre estuvo equivocada.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Norteam&#233;rica no necesita reinventarse. Necesitamos reconocerla.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">No llegamos tarde. Llegamos cuando ten&#237;amos que llegar, con m&#225;s historia, m&#225;s claridad y m&#225;s razones que nunca para elegir diferente. El umbral sigue ah&#237;. Siempre estuvo ah&#237;. Esta vez, cruc&#233;moslo juntos.</p><p style="text-align: center;">&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;&#9472;</p><p><strong>ENGLISH VERSION</strong></p><p><strong>The Missing Story.</strong></p><p><em>A new narrative for a continent that deserves one.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>We are not late. We arrive when we were meant to arrive, with more history, more clarity, and more reasons than ever to choose differently.</em></p><p>By <strong>Manuel E. Familiar</strong> &#183; NA77 Contributor</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I was born in Monterrey, in the industrial north of Mexico, a city that has always known it had one foot on each side of the border. But my story begins in two countries at once.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Not as metaphor. As fact.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There are pioneers in my family who founded cities in Iowa. There is an entrepreneur and Civil War survivor, Col. Joseph Andrew Robertson, who arrived in Monterrey to build the railroad to the Gulf of Mexico and ended up helping found the Cuauht&#233;moc Brewery, establishing what is today Lamosa, introducing the first Valencia oranges to Montemorelos, bringing baseball to Mexico, and publishing the first bilingual newspaper in this city. There is an American consul general, Philip C. Hanna, known to his family as &#8220;Uncle Phil&#8221;, whose work in Monterrey built bridges between two nations, and whose life, without intending to, built the bridge that brought me here. All of it happened here, on this invisible border that was always more threshold than wall.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg" width="620" height="389" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:389,&quot;width&quot;:620,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V8Mo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f6d0e6-654b-4ca7-8ead-ad898eff33a0_620x389.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Cervecer&#237;a Cuauht&#233;moc, Monterrey &#8212; early twentieth century.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>The railroad tracks in the foreground: the same line Col. Robertson built to the Gulf of Mexico.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg" width="620" height="253" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:253,&quot;width&quot;:620,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!INQF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d53644b-3440-4704-9f2f-1e2490b507c4_620x253.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Huerta La Eugenia, Montemorelos, Nuevo Le&#243;n, ca. 1894 &#8212; the first commercial Valencia orange plantation in Mexico.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Le&#243;n Stuart directing the planting &#183; Collection: Reforma Siglo XXI, vol. 91 (2017) &#183; Jos&#233; de Jes&#250;s Mart&#237;nez Perales</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">On my father&#8217;s side, a family line that connects to Octavio Paz, my grandmother&#8217;s first cousin, who dedicated his entire life to deciphering what it means to be Mexican, and a line of entrepreneurs from Monterrey who built in this city when building here required a faith that the numbers could not yet justify.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I grew up unable to claim the nationality that was technically mine. But I never grew up without knowing I belonged to both sides, and that belonging to both was not a contradiction. It was, though it took me years to understand it, a perspective.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I spent a decade at CEMEX during the years the company decided to stop being a Mexican cement producer and become a global institution. I lived it from the inside: in Spain, in the United States, in Panama, in Singapore, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and China, in the years when all of that still had to be built by hand, decision by decision. I lived five years in Singapore, home base for my family while I operated across the neighboring countries, and witnessed firsthand what happens to a society when it decides, with discipline, to build itself to the level of its own aspirations.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The most important thing I learned had nothing to do with cement, or mergers, or emerging markets.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>It was this: the difference between a company that operates in the world and a company that belongs to the world is not technological or financial. It is institutional.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">It is the conscious decision to build yourself to the level of expectations of the world you want to belong to. Before that world demands it of you.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mexico has produced companies that made that decision. I had the privilege of living inside one of them. The question that never left me after CEMEX, and has never left me since, is why we haven&#8217;t done it as a country.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In 1848, Mexico lost half of its territory. That wound never fully closed. And there are those, on both sides of the border, who have found in keeping it open a convenience that doesn&#8217;t need to be named to be understood.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But in that same era, and in this same city, something else was happening. American entrepreneurs and Monterrey families were building together what neither could have built alone: a brewery that would become one of the most important conglomerates in Latin America, a railroad network that connected northern Mexico to its markets, a brick company that still operates today, a citrus industry that transformed the economy of an entire region. By 1910, Monterrey produced 13.5% of Mexico&#8217;s industrial output. More than Mexico City. They built it together.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>That is not sentimental history. It is economic history. It is proof that another way always existed.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">During World War II, my grandmother&#8217;s brother Treadwell, born in Monterrey, son of Treadwell Ayres Robertson and Eugenia Hanna, served as a doctor in the United States Army. At the same time, Mexico and the United States signed one of the largest bilateral agreements in their shared history. The Bracero Program. August 1942. More than four million Mexican workers crossed the border legally to sustain American agriculture and railroads while American men fought in Europe and the Pacific. Two nations that needed each other, helping each other. By official government agreement, at the worst moment of the century.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg" width="502" height="512" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:512,&quot;width&quot;:502,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EaZJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F26ceeabf-dedc-45fc-9285-87794d428cca_502x512.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Braceros arriving by train in California, August 1942.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>First workers of the Bracero Program &#183; Public domain, University of California Davis Special Collections</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg" width="1456" height="920" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:920,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sTk8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2b4bfe5-a428-42fd-b0b6-0208c2c34b5c_1618x1022.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Braceros harvesting sugar beets in California, 1943.</em></p><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Photograph: Marjory Collins &#183; Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division &#183; Public domain</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Today, the United States and Mexico are each other&#8217;s largest trading partners. Bilateral trade exceeds one trillion dollars annually. Supply chains are so deeply integrated that separating them is not a political option. It is an economic amputation. And yet the dominant narrative in both countries remains the same: adversary, wall, the other as threat.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Something doesn&#8217;t add up. What doesn&#8217;t add up is the narrative. And I have spent my whole life living the evidence that another one exists.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">While Japan, South Korea, Germany, Singapore, and Taiwan rebuilt their devastated economies and chose to belong to the postwar global order as builders, demanding technology transfer, investing in education as infrastructure, constructing institutions designed to outlast their governments, Mexico chose something else. Not for lack of talent. Not for lack of resources or geography. We chose to be the supplier. The labor force. The maquiladora. The institutionalized bracero. And that choice, repeated across decades, has concrete beneficiaries on both sides of the border. Just not the Mexican worker or the Mexican entrepreneur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">That is the question nobody has finished asking with the precision it deserves. Not why we failed. But why, having everything, we chose to stay where we were. And whether that choice, because it was a choice, can be undone.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I write this at a moment when the narrative of division has reached volumes we haven&#8217;t heard in decades. Mass deportation policies, the rhetoric of the other as threat, institutionalized fear as an instrument of government. I know people who share my exact blood, my exact family tree, my exact history of two worlds, who today speak of Americans with a rage completely justified by what they are witnessing. I don&#8217;t blame them. The provocation is real. The damage is real.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But here is what is also real: every tariff imposed, every supply chain disrupted, every deported worker who left behind a business, a family, a life built from nothing, is a live demonstration of what it costs to ignore what we already built together. The pain of separation is, paradoxically, the most convincing argument for integration. We don&#8217;t need to convince anyone that North America works better united. The market is proving it on its own, in real time, every time someone tries to take it apart.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Renewable energy was not adopted because the world decided to be virtuous. It was adopted when it made economic sense. North American integration will not happen because it is the morally right decision, though it is. It will happen when it becomes impossible to ignore that it is the economically right decision. And that moment, hard as it is to believe today, is closer than it has ever been. Because never before has it been so visible what it costs not to make it.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">And there is one more argument that cannot be ignored: security. The threats that genuinely endanger citizens across all three countries, organized crime, human trafficking, fentanyl, are not stopped by walls. They are stopped by systems. By shared intelligence, coordinated customs, a border that functions as what it always should have been: a threshold managed with discipline, not a battlefield managed with fear. A united North American front is not a concession of sovereignty. It is the most serious exercise of it. Because real sovereignty is not measured by the height of the wall. It is measured by the capacity to protect your citizens from the threats that actually exist, with the tools that actually work.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I don&#8217;t write from here because I have the answer. I write because I have spent decades assembling the pieces of a question that this continent has been asking itself in a whisper for too long, and because I believe, with the certainty of someone who has seen it work in other places and other eras, that the answer already exists. Not in an economic model or a public policy. It exists in people. In companies. In stories happening every day across this continent that nobody has had the patience to find, document, and elevate to the scale they deserve.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">That is what North American is here to do.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Not to mourn what wasn&#8217;t. To document what is already being built: by those who adapted without losing their essence, who crossed borders in both directions and emerged stronger, who chose to belong to the world without ceasing to be what they are. Their stories are not exceptions to the dominant narrative. They are proof that the narrative was always wrong.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>North America doesn&#8217;t need to reinvent itself. We need to recognize what&#8217;s already there.</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">We are not late. We arrive when we were meant to arrive, with more history, more clarity, and more reasons than ever to choose differently. The threshold is still there. It always was. This time, let&#8217;s cross it together.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thenorthamerican.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading The North American &#8212; 77! 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